Fig. 2

Changes in global expression patterns. A Principal component analysis of 3 differentiation protocols (LSFP, SSFP, and TUSP) together with original protocols from publications (Perriot et al. [23], Balazs et al. 2024 and TCW et al. [20]), fetal astrocyte culture (Crowe et al. [53]), and astrocytes differentiated from hNPCs (Magistri et al., [22]) and hPSCs (Bradley et al., [54]). The blue line indicates the differentiation trajectory (AE-end of expansion, AI-end of induction, AM-end of maturation). B, C Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (fold change > 2, base mean > Q3, adjusted p < 0.01) among three used protocols (AX1-3) in the pair-wise comparisons with original studies (B) and differentiated phases (C). AI – end of induction, AM – end of maturation)