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  1. The use of architectural and morphological characteristics of cells for establishing prognostic indicators by which individual pathologies are assigned grade and stage is a well-accepted practice. Advances in ...

    Authors: John N McGinley, Matthew D Thompson and Henry J Thompson
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:118
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  2. Dynamic chromatin structure is a fundamental property of gene transcriptional regulation, and has emerged as a critical modulator of physiological processes during cellular differentiation and development. Ana...

    Authors: Holger Weishaupt and Joanne L Attema
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:1
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  3. There are several traditional and well-developed methods for analyzing the activity of transcription factors, such as EMSA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reporter gene activity assays. All of these me...

    Authors: Yu-Ling Lin, Yun-Ju Lai, Nu-Man Tsai, Tai-Chu Peng, Yen-Ku Liu, Ru-Ping Lee, Chueh-Jen Tsai and Kuang-Wen Liao
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:18
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  4. Development of antimitotic binding to the colchicine-binding site for the treatment of cancer is rapidly expanding. Numerous antimicrotubule agents are prepared every year, and the determination of their bindi...

    Authors: SĆ©bastien Fortin, Jacques Lacroix, Marie-France CĆ“tĆ©, Emmanuel Moreau, Ɖric Petitclerc and RenĆ© C-Gaudreault
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:113
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  5. Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) is a potent immunomodulatory enzyme that has recently attracted significant attention for its potential application as an inducer of immunotolerance in transplantation. We hav...

    Authors: Alireza Moeen Rezakhanlou, Darya Habibi, Amy Lai, Reza B Jalili, Christopher J Ong and Aziz Ghahary
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:107
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Northern blot hybridization is a useful tool for analyzing transcript patterns. To get a picture of what really occurs in vivo, it is necessary to use a protocol allowing full protection of the RNA integrity a...

    Authors: Marcello Tagliavia, Anna Taravella, Sandra Marineo, Anna Maria Puglia and Mario La Farina
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:27
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  7. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) enables collection of cell populations highly enriched for specific cell types that have the potential of yielding critical information about physiological and pathophysiolo...

    Authors: John N McGinley, Zongjian Zhu, Weiqin Jiang and Henry J Thompson
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. The aim of this study was to compare different cell sources and culture conditions to obtain endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with predictable antigen pattern, proliferation potential and in vitro vasculoge...

    Authors: Claudio Muscari, Chiara Gamberini, Ilaria Basile, Francesca BonafƩ, Simond Valgimigli, Ombretta Capitani, Carlo Guarnieri and Claudio Marcello Caldarera
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2010 12:89
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. The intention of this review is to provide an overview of current methodologies employed in the rapidly developing field of ocular proteomics with emphasis on sample preparation, two-dimensional polyacrylamide...

    Authors: Nakul Mandal, Steffen Heegaard, Jan Ulrik Prause, Bent HonorƩ and Henrik Vorum
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 12:56
    Content type: Review Published on:

  10. Subtraction technique has been broadly applied for target gene discovery. However, most current protocols apply relative differential subtraction and result in great amount clone mixtures of unique and differe...

    Authors: Ning Wu, Kanyand Matand and Sonya Williams
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 12:44
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  11. Analgesic and anesthetic drugs may have an impact on the results achieved from animal experiments. In the study presented here, we try to enlighten whether anesthesia with fentanyl/fluniasone and midazolam (Hy...

    Authors: Anita Gothelf, Pernille Hojman and Julie Gehl
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:325
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Rottlerin is a natural product isolated from Mallotus philippinensis. This polyphenolic compound, originally described as a selective inhibitor of PKCĪ“, can inhibit many other PKC-unrelated kinases and has a numb...

    Authors: Emanuela Maioli, Claudia Torricelli, Vittoria Fortino, Filippo Carlucci, Valentina Tommassini and Adriana Pacini
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:227
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Pancreatic islets of Langerhans secrete hormones that are vital to the regulation of blood glucose and are, therefore, a key focus of diabetes research. Purifying viable and functional islets from the pancreas...

    Authors: Jeffrey D Carter, Stacey B Dula, Kathryn L Corbin, Runpei Wu and Craig S Nunemaker
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  15. The plasticity of differentiated adult cells could have a great therapeutic potential, but at the same time, it is characteristic of progression of serious pathological states such as cancer and fibrosis. In t...

    Authors: Andrea StarÅ”Ć­chovĆ”, LukĆ”Å” Kubala, Eva LincovĆ”, Zuzana PernicovĆ”, Alois KozubĆ­k and Karel Souček
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:316
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  17. MicroRNAs are positive and negative regulators of eukaryotic gene expression that modulate transcript abundance by specific binding to sequence motifs located prevalently in the 3' untranslated regions of targ...

    Authors: Fredy Siegrist, Thomas Singer and Ulrich Certa
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:113
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. In the image segmentation process of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, previous works used information in CT only for segmenting the image without utilizing the i...

    Authors: Iman Avazpour, M Iqbal Saripan, Abdul Jalil Nordin and Rajaa Syamsul Azmir Iman Abdullah
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:241
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  19. Mesenchymal-epithelial signaling is essential for the development of many organs and is often disrupted in disease. In this study, we demonstrate the use of lentiviral-mediated transgene delivery as an effecti...

    Authors: Adria D Dismuke, Aimee D Kohn, Randall T Moon and Melissa H Wong
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:130
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Many species of streptococci secrete and use a competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) to initiate quorum sensing for induction of genetic competence, bacteriocin production, and other activities. These signaling...

    Authors: XiaoLin Tian, Raymond T Syvitski, TianLei Liu, Nadine Livingstone, David L Jakeman and Yung-Hua Li
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:207
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  22. Evaluation of blood smear is a commonly clinical test these days. Most of the time, the hematologists are interested on white blood cells (WBCs) only. Digital image processing techniques can help them in their...

    Authors: Farnoosh Sadeghian, Zainina Seman, Abdul Rahman Ramli, Badrul Hisham Abdul Kahar and M-Iqbal Saripan
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:196
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  27. Comparative genomics has become a real tantalizing challenge in the postgenomic era. This fact has been mostly magnified by the plethora of new genomes becoming available in a daily bases. The overwhelming lis...

    Authors: Jennifer Commins, Christina Toft and Mario A Fares
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:52
    Content type: Review Published on:

  28. The dissociation of adherent mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) monolayers with trypsin and enzyme-free dissociation buffer was compared. A significantly lower proportion of viable cells were obtained with enzyme-fre...

    Authors: Boon C Heng, Catherine M Cowan and Shubhayu Basu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:161
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Quantization of gene expression requires that an accurate measurement of a specific transcript is made. In this paper, a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) by competition for...

    Authors: Alina Rodrƭguez-Mallon, Yamilet CƔrdenas, Juana Marƭa Lugo, AymƩ Oliva, Antonio Morales and Mario Pablo Estrada
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:79
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  30. As many as 50% of adults with type I (T1) diabetes exhibit bone loss and are at increased risk for fractures. Therapeutic development to prevent bone loss and/or restore lost bone in T1 diabetic patients requi...

    Authors: Katherine Motyl and Laura R McCabe
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:296
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Homogeneity of cell populations is a prerequisite for the analysis of biochemical and molecular events during male gamete differentiation. Given the complex organization of the mammalian testicular tissue, var...

    Authors: Rosana RodrĆ­guez-Casuriaga, Adriana Geisinger, Beatriz LĆ³pez-Carro, Valentina Porro, Rodolfo Wettstein and Gustavo A Folle
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2009 11:184
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  32. The present study describes a protocol to generate heterogenous populations of neurotransmitter-producing neurons from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are bone marrow (BM)-derived cells which undergo...

    Authors: Steven J. Greco, Chunyi Zhou, Jiang-Hong Ye and Pranela Rameshwar
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101000090
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  33. In this paper, we describe a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive, and reliable method, the FICP method (Fluorescence Immunoassay for Cellular Protein detection) which is readily applicable to the detection of p...

    Authors: Carole Lavigne, ArmĆØle de GuignĆ©e and Alain R. Thierry
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101000083
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  34. The early chick embryo contains subpopulations of cells that express lineage-specific transcription factors. We have developed protocols to examine the role of these cells during development that involve label...

    Authors: Jacquelyn Gerhart, Christine Neely, Jessica Pfautz and Mindy George-Weinstein
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101000074
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  35. Gene families are widely used in comparative genomics, molecular evolution, and in systematics. However, they are constructed in different manners, their data analyzed and interpreted differently, with differe...

    Authors: David A. Liberles and Katharina Dittmar
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101066
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  37. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is the enzyme responsible for the maintenance of DNA methylation patterns during cell division. DNMT1 expression is tightly regulated within the cell cycle. Our previous study s...

    Authors: Alexander Unterberger, JƩrƓme Torrisani and Moshe Szyf
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101047
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  38. Acetyl phosphate (acetyl-P) serves critical roles in coenzyme A recycling and ATP synthesis. It is the intermediate of the Pta-AckA pathway that inter-converts acetyl-coenzyme A and acetate. Acetyl-P also can ...

    Authors: David H. Keating, Ana Shulla, Adam H. Klein and Alan J. Wolfe
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101036
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  39. Calcitriol (1Ī±, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) induces the expression of CD14 in mononuclear phagocytes. The mechanisms accounting for this have been unclear since the promoter of CD14 does not contain a canonical vitam...

    Authors: Alireza Moeenrezakhanlou, Devki Nandan and Neil E. Reiner
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2008 10:101029
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  43. Understanding mechanisms of gene regulation has broad therapeutic implications for human disease. Here we describe a novel method for generating human cell lines that serve as reporters of transcriptional acti...

    Authors: Sandra L. Fernandez, David W. Russell and Peter J. Hurlin
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91084
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  44. Recent advances in redox proteomics have provided significant insight into the role of oxidative modifications in cellular signalling and metabolism. At present, these techniques rely heavily on Western blots ...

    Authors: H. Fai Poon, Laila Abdullah, Jon Reed, Sarah M. Doore, Cyndi Laird, Venkat Mathura, Michael Mullan and Fiona Crawford
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91065
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  45. In adults, hematopoiesis occurs in bone marrow (BM) through a complex process with differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to immune and blood cells. Human HSCs and their progenitors express CD34. M...

    Authors: Nitixa Patel, Marianne Castillo and Pranela Rameshwar
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91056
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  46. Teleost gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) consists of leucocyte populations located both intraepithelially and in the lamina propria with no structural organization. The present study aims to assess differ...

    Authors: Irene Salinas, JosƩ Meseguer and Maria Ɓngeles Esteban
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91043
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  47. We have developed and validated a consolidated bead-based genotyping platform, the Bioplex suspension array for simultaneous detection of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ATP-binding cass...

    Authors: Seok Hwee Koo, Tan Ching Ong, Kok Ting Chong, Caroline Guat Lay Lee, Fook Tim Chew and Edmund Jon Deoon Lee
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91027
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  48. We developed a rapid mutagenesis method based on a modification of the QuikChangeĀ® system (Stratagene) to systemically replace endogenous gene sequences with a unique similar size sequence tag. The modificatio...

    Authors: Qiwen Deng, Wensheng Luo and Michael S. Donnenberg
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91018
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  49. Suppression of gene expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) has proved to be a gene-specific and cost effective alternative to other gene suppression technologies. Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) generated fro...

    Authors: Hailong Wu, Anh Dinh and Yin-Yuan Mo
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91009
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:

  50. We have developed a system to visualize functionally activated neurons and their projections in the brain. This system utilizes a transgenic mouse, fos-tau-lacZ (FTL), which expresses the marker gene, lacZ, in ne...

    Authors: Mark Murphy, Ursula Greferath and Yvette M. Wilson
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2007 9:91001
    Content type: OriginalPaper Published on:
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Biological Procedures Online

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