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  1. Immunotherapy has been recognized as a significant advancement in cancer treatment by promoting the bodyā€™s immune system to identify and eliminate cancer cells more effectively. Unlike conventional therapies, ...

    Authors: Weidong Wu, Bin Liu, Qing Zhang, Xiaojuan Zhang, Pengya Feng, Yongliang Jia and Xia Xue
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized primarily by social deficits and repetitive behaviors. The mechanisms of ASD are complex and are not yet fully understood, although...

    Authors: Luxi Shen, Lan Chen, Yuping Tang, Yeyao Yan, Ting Xiong, Yong Liu, Hongzhi Li and Haihua Gu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Brain metastases are strongly associated with a poor prognosis. Experimental animal models have provided valuable insights into the complex biology underlying brain metastasis, and translating these findings c...

    Authors: Hainan Yang, Congli Hu, Yu Zhou, Taoyuan Tong, Luyao Qi, Weifang Yuan, Changguo Shan, Weiping Hong, Lei Wen, Caicun Zhou and Ming Lei
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. The global incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing annually, which has become a major public-health concern. MAFLD is typically associated with obesity, hyperlip...

    Authors: Jia-Xuan Wang, Xin-Zhu Liu, Zhen Guo, Hui-Lin Zhang, Li Qi, Jia Liu, Ping Liu, Guo-Xiang Xie and Xiao-Ning Wang
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Recent research has highlighted the significance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as pivotal regulators in the progression of tumors and the therapeutic response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These circRNA...

    Authors: Hanyi Li, Xin Jin, Wei Li, Fan Ren, Tong Li, Xuanguang Li, Haochuan Yu, Dianxun Fu, Zuoqing Song and Song Xu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. MALDI-TOF MS is an innovative tool for identifying hematophagous and non-hematophagous arthropods at various life stages. However, identification by MALDI-TOF MS currently requires euthanizing of the specimen,...

    Authors: Rym Bouledroua, Adama Zan Diarra, Remy Amalvict, Jean-Michel Berenger, Ahmed Benakhla, Philippe Parola and Lionel Almeras
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Developing targeted therapeutic drugs for liver cancer remains a significant scientific and clinical challenge. Previous research by the authors showed that taraxasterol (TS) can enhance the antitumor immune r...

    Authors: Jian Li, Yuanhua Qin, Mengjuan Li, Jingli Shang, Hang Chen, Yadi Liu, Bingjie Liu, Pingxin Zhou, Tiesuo Zhao, Ge Wang, Chunpo Ge, Yu Zhang, Huijie Jia and Feng Ren
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease, primarily attributable to the insidious nature of early symptoms and t...

    Authors: Yong Wang, Zongkai Liu, Wenjia Liu, Ying Sun and Zhaidong Liu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and invasion. This study explores monocyte/ macrophage-associated gene expression profiles in HCC, constructs a pro...

    Authors: Xinliang Wan, Yongchun Zou, Qichun Zhou, Qing Tang, Gangxing Zhu, Luyu Jia, Xiaoyan Yu, Handan Mo, Xiaobing Yang and Sumei Wang
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide, characterized by its high malignancy and poor prognosis. Telomeres, crucial components of eukaryotic chromosomes, have been increasingly reco...

    Authors: Kuo Kang, Hui Nie, Weilu Kuang, Xuanxuan Li and Yangying Zhou
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Zhushao Granules (ZSG) had exhibited beneficial effects in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) as an effective herbal prescription in Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, the underlying anti-inflammator...

    Authors: Benjiao Gong, Chenglin Zhang, Shaofei Hu, Xueying Zhang, Hui Zou, Jiayao Li, Jiahui Wang, Yanlei Kao and Fujun Liu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Cancer poses significant economic and societal burdens on countries in the coming decades. During chemotherapy, patients frequently encounter adverse reactions. Recent research has revealed that Chinese medici...

    Authors: Fang-Yuan Liu, Xin Liu, Dan-Ni Ding, Shao-Xuan Liu, Jing Xu, Yu-Xin Zhao, Yan-Hong Wang and Feng-Juan Han
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:6
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  13. T lymphocytes (T cells) are essential components of the adaptive immune system that play a vital role in identifying and eliminating infected and tumor cells. In tumor immunotherapy, T cells have emerged as a ...

    Authors: Xiangfei Su, Mi Zhang, Hong Zhu, Jingwen Cai, Zhen Wang, Yuewei Xu, Li Wang, Chen Shen and Ming Cai
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:5
    Content type: Review Published on:

  15. The high incidence of recurrence and malignant transformation of colorectal adenoma (CRA) are current issues that need to be addressed in clinical practice. Canmei Formula (CMF) has shown promising results in ...

    Authors: Xiaoling Fu, Yimin Xu, Xinyue Han, Xiangying Lin, Jingnan Wang, Guanhong Li, Xiaochen Fu and Min Zhang
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. HER2 expression has been confirmed to be associated with bladder cancer aggressiveness. Anti-HER2 RC48-ADC is approved in China for the treatment of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma with failed chem...

    Authors: Yatong Chen, Fei Luo, Tingji Zhang and Jian Li
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Archived clinical formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) is valuable for the study of tumor epigenetics. Although protocol of chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with next generation sequencing (NGS)...

    Authors: Nenggang Jiang, Zhihao Wen, Huan Tao and Hongyan Liao
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2025 27:1
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  18. Strychni Semen, characterized by its bitter taste and warm properties, has been confirmed to possess anti-tumor properties. However, the molecular mechanism of Strychni Semen in treating non-small cell lung ca...

    Authors: He Geng, Yujie Xue, Binghua Yan, Zhaoxue Lu, Hengjin Yang, Peng Li and Jundong Zhou
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Chang-Wei-Qing (CWQ) is a widely recognized Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulation composed of Astragalus, Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Poria, Coix seed, Akebia trifoliata Koidz, Sargentodoxa cuneata, and Vi...

    Authors: Junkai Wen, Shunyun Wang, Kexiang Sun, Haoyue Wang, Zeting Yuan and Wanli Deng
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Shoulder pain and disability from rotator cuff tears remain challenging clinical problem despite advancements in surgical techniques and materials. To advance our understanding of injury progression and develo...

    Authors: Shuting Huang, Ming Yik Tam, Wai Hon Caleb Ho, Hong Ki Wong, Meng Zhou, Chun Zeng, Denghui Xie, Dai Fei Elmer Ker, Samuel KK. Ling, Rocky S. Tuan and Dan Michelle Wang
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:31
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  21. Astrocytes have recently gained attention as key players in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Numerous differentiation protocols have been developed to study human ...

    Authors: Veronika JurĆ”kovĆ”, BalĆ”zs SzĆ©ky, Martina ZapletalovĆ”, Anita FehĆ©r, Melinda Zana, Shashank Pandey, Radek Kučera, Omar Å erĆ½, JiÅ™Ć­ Hudeček, AndrĆ”s DinnyĆ©s and Jan Lochman
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:30
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Pancreatic cancer is a devastating malignancy with a high mortality rate, poor prognosis, and limited treatment options. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in tumor progression and therapy r...

    Authors: Bin Wang, Yue Pan, Yongjie Xie, Cong Wang, Yinli Yang, Haiyan Sun, Zhuchen Yan, Yameng Cui, Ling Li, Yaoyao Zhou, Weishuai Liu and Zhanyu Pan
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Breast cancer poses a significant health risk to women worldwide, with approximately 30% being diagnosed annually in the United States. The identification of cancerous mammary tissues from non-cancerous ones d...

    Authors: Ya Zhang, Zheng Li, Zhongqiang Li, Huaizhi Wang, Dinkar Regmi, Jian Zhang, Jiming Feng, Shaomian Yao and Jian Xu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. To explore the effects and mechanisms of the Xianhecao-Huanglian drug pair on autophagy-mediated intervention in acute inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. The study examined the underl...

    Authors: Yaping He, Xinling Shen and Haiyan Peng
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. To investigate the survival outcome of ā€œradicalā€ GreenLight photoselective vaporization of bladder tumor (RPVBT) in conjunction with postoperative chemotherapy for patients with single, <ā€‰3 cm in diameter, T2 ...

    Authors: Zhihua Zhang, Yashen Wang, Fei Luo and Jian Li
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Oral cancers, specifically oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), pose a significant global health challenge, with high incidence and mortality rates. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and c...

    Authors: Kimia Sadat Kazemi, Parisa Kazemi, Hassan Mivehchi, Kamyar Nasiri, Seyed Saman Eshagh Hoseini, Seyedeh Tabasom Nejati, Parnian Pour Bahrami, Shayan Golestani and Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:25
    Content type: Review Published on:

  27. Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy worldwide. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 53 (USP53) has been shown to exert cancer-suppressing functions in several solid tumors, but its role and the underlyi...

    Authors: Xiangchao Meng, Hongye Chen, Zhihui Tan, Weitao Yan, Yinfeng Liu, Ji Lv and Meng Han
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Mammalian oocytes accumulate more than ten thousand mRNAs, of which three to four thousand mRNAs are translationally repressed. The timings and sites of translational activation of these dormant mRNAs are cruc...

    Authors: Takahiro Sanada and Tomoya Kotani
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:23
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  29. Peste des petits ruminants (PPRV), a highly contagious viral disease, causes significant economic losses concerning sheep and goats. Recently, PPR viruses (PPRVs), have adopted new hosts and lineage IV of PPRV...

    Authors: Tahira Kamal, Saeed-ul-Hassan Khan, Fariha Hassan, Amir-bin- Zahoor, Amman Ullah, S. Murtaza Hassan Andrabi, Ghulam Muhammad Ali, Tayyaba Afsar, Fohad Mabood Husain, Huma Shafique and Suhail Razak
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. The role of tumor inflammatory microenvironment in the advancement of cancer, particularly prostate cancer, is widely acknowledged. ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2), a tumor suppressor that has been identified i...

    Authors: Tianyu Cao, Qian Sun, Xiaoqin Shi, Xiuke Lin, Qingyuan Lin, Jinchao Zhu, Junhao Xu, Di Cui, Youwei Shi, Yifeng Jing and Wenhuan Guo
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus, and zoonosis, and affects large regions of Asia, Southwestern and Southeastern Europe, and Africa. CCHFV can produce symptoms, including no ...

    Authors: Khursheed Muzammil, Saba Rayyani, Ahmed Abbas Sahib, Omid Gholizadeh, Hayder Naji Sameer, Tareq Jwad Kazem, Haneen Badran Mohammed, Hesam Ghafouri Kalajahi, Rahadian Zainul and Saman Yasamineh
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:20
    Content type: Review Published on:

  32. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness, affecting millions worldwide. Its complex pathogenesis involves a variety of risk factors, including lipid metabolism and inflammation. T...

    Authors: Wang Jingzhi and Xuehao Cui
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. The lack of standardized protocols for isolating extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially from biobank-stored blood plasma, translates to limitations for the study of new biomarkers. This study examines whethe...

    Authors: Ana Torres, Lorena Bernardo, Carmen SƔnchez, Esperanza Morato, Jose Carlos Solana and Eugenia Carrillo
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:18
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  34. Culex pipiens L. is a principal vector of zoonotic arboviruses in Europe, acting in both an amplification role in enzootic transmission between avian hosts and as a bridge vector between avian hosts and mammals. ...

    Authors: Laura Jones, Christopher Sanders, Marion England, Mary Cameron and Simon Carpenter
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. It is necessary to develop advanced therapies utilizing natural ingredients with anti-inflammatory qualities in order to lessen the negative effects of chemotherapeutics.

    Authors: Dalia Medhat, Mona A. El-Bana, Ibrahim El-TantawyĀ El-Sayed, Abdullah A. S. Ahmed, Mehrez E. El-Naggar and Jihan Hussein
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Exosomes are increasingly recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication in cancer biology. Exosomes can be derived from cancer cells as well as cellular components in tumor microenvironment....

    Authors: Yating Wu, Yue Cao, Li Chen, Xiaofeng Lai, Shenghang Zhang and Shuiliang Wang
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:15
    Content type: Review Published on:

  37. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous transporters of various active biomolecules with inflicting phenotypic capabilities, that are naturally secreted by almost all cells with a promising van...

    Authors: Nico G. Menjivar, Jaiden Oropallo, Samuel Gebremedhn, Luca A. Souza, Ahmed Gad, Christian M. Puttlitz and Dawit Tesfaye
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:14
    Content type: Review Published on:

  38. Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis with largely unknown underlying molecular mechanisms. Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is ...

    Authors: Antonio Romero-Ruiz, Melissa Granados-RodrĆ­guez, Florina I. Bura, Francisca Valenzuela-Molina, Blanca RufiĆ”n-AndĆŗjar, Ana MartĆ­nez-LĆ³pez, Lidia RodrĆ­guez-Ortiz, Rosa Ortega-Salas, MarĆ­a Torres-MartĆ­nez, Ana Moreno-Serrano, Justo CastaƱo, Carmen MichĆ”n, JosĆ© Alhama, Mari C. VĆ”zquez-Borrego and Ɓlvaro Arjona-SĆ”nchez
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:13
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  39. Lung adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the brain results in a notable increase in patient mortality. The high incidence and its impact on survival presents a critical unmet need to develop an improved understand...

    Authors: Jianing Chen, Congli Hu, Hainan Yang, Li Wang, Xiangling Chu, Xin Yu, Shiji Zhang, Xuefei Li, Chao Zhao, Lei Cheng, Weiping Hong, Da Liu, Lei Wen and Chunxia Su
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. The efficacy of oncolytic viruses (OV) in cancer treatment depends on their ability to successfully infect and destroy tumor cells. However, patientsā€™ tumors vary, and in the case of individual insensitivity t...

    Authors: Leslie Elsner, Lisanne Heimann, Anja Geisler, Babette Dieringer, Klaus-Peter Knoch, Luisa Hinze, Karin Klingel, Michel Solimena, Jens Kurreck and Henry Fechner
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery has become the standard of care for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and accurate pathological response assessment is critical to assess the th...

    Authors: Yichen Wang, Wenhua Zhang, Lijun Chen, Jun Xie, Xuebin Zheng, Yan Jin, Qiang Zheng, Qianqian Xue, Bin Li, Chuan He, Haiquan Chen and Yuan Li
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine), original found in synthetic heroin, causes Parkinsonā€™s disease (PD) in human through its metabolite MPP+ by inhibiting complex I of mitochondrial respiratory c...

    Authors: Hongzhi Li, Jing Zhang, Yuqi Shen, Yifan Ye, Qingyou Jiang, Lan Chen, Bohao Sun, Zhuo Chen, Luxi Shen, Hezhi Fang, Jifeng Yang and Haihua Gu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Osteoclasts are the tissue-specific macrophage population of the bone and unique in their bone-resorbing activity. Hence, they are fundamental for bone physiology in health and disease. However, efficient prot...

    Authors: Suganja Chandrabalan, Linh Dang, Uwe Hansen, Melanie Timmen, Corinna Wehmeyer, Richard Stange, Tim BeiƟbarth, Claudia Binder, Annalen Bleckmann and Kerstin Menck
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:7
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  47. Metalā€“organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with unique characteristics that make them well-suited for drug delivery and gene therapy applications. Among the MOFs, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZI...

    Authors: Marzieh Sameni, Parisa Moradbeigi, Sara Hosseini, Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian, Vahid Jajarmi, Amir Hossein Miladipour, Hojat Basati, Maryam Abbasi and Mohammad Salehi
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Generating targeted mutant mice is a crucial technology in biomedical research. This study focuses on optimizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system uptake into sperm cells using the methyl Ī²-cyclodextrin-sperm-mediated ge...

    Authors: Parisa Moradbeigi, Sara Hosseini, Mohammad Salehi and Asghar Mogheiseh
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:5

  49. Some of the most complex surgical interventions to treat trauma and cancer include the use of locoregional pedicled and free autologous tissue transfer flaps. While the techniques used for these reconstructive...

    Authors: Edita Aksamitiene, Ryan N. Heffelfinger, Jan B. Hoek and Edmund deAzevedo Pribitkin
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:2
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  50. Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related death with high morbidity and mortality. Methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3 (MBD3), a key epigenetic regulator, is abnormally e...

    Authors: Huizhi Wang, Jingyu Min, Yuntao Ding, Zhengyue Yu, Yujing Zhou, Shunyu Wang, Aihua Gong and Min Xu
    Citation: Biological Procedures Online 2024 26:1
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Biological Procedures Online

ISSN: 1480-9222

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